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In the summer of 1996, 31-year-old Yang Liwei was informed that he could participate in the first round of physical examinations for China’s space program. He had no idea at the time that he would go on to become the first Chinese person to go beyond the earth’s atmosphere.
After passing the fi rst round of tests, he was called to Beijing for the second round. “I was so thrilled that I went three days before schedule, and the nurse made fun of me for being ‘too proactive,’” Yang recalled.
It has been 14 years since he made history. During that time he has witnessed the growth of China’s manned spacecraft program. He has become one of the national heroes known as taikonauts, a compound word from taikong, meaning space in Mandarin, and astronaut, and specifi cally refers to a person who travels in space for the Chinese space program.
On January 4, Yang together with 10 other taikonauts renewed their oath before a national fl ag at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center.
“I am willing to devote my whole life to manned spacecraft endeavor with undaunted courage and selfl essness.”
This year’s January 5 marked the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Taikonaut Corps of the People’s Liberation Army （PLA） of China.
“I’ve been to space three times, but I still have more goals and dreams. As we said in our oath 20 years ago, we will continue to face new tasks and challenges,” said Jing Haipeng, who has flown on three missions： Shenzhou 7 in 2008, Shenzhou 9 in 2012 and Shenzhou 11 in 2016, during an interview with China Central Television （CCTV）.
Two decades of effort
China’s manned spacecraft program can be traced back to the 1970s. After Dong Fang Hong I, the country’s first space satellite, was launched in April 1970, Qian Xuesen, renowned Chinese engineer and then Director of the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense, proposed that China should start its own manned spacefl ight initiative.
However, the project was delayed due to a lack of expertise and a weak national economy. Nevertheless, the trial and error project laid a solid base for future development.
In 1992, the Central Government introduced a manned spaceflight project and a three-step development strategy, Project 921, which included launching a crewed spacecraft, completing a spacewalk mission and building a larger permanent space station. From then on, the country’s space program has enjoyed stable advancement.
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